Improving Cognitive Development in Secondary Chemistry through Gagne's Events Of Instruction

The work being presented here intended to investigate the role of Gagne's events of instruction in the teaching learning process. The focus of this study was to bring about improvement in the conceptual framework and strengthening of their neural networks and the pruning misconceptions of students in the subject of chemistry at secondary level and to evaluate whether the events of instruction are helpful to assimilate the stimulus material with the neural networks of the learners. It was also observed that the events of instruction significantly reduced the learning time and simultaneously the assimilation rate was also increased. Information bridging time was reduced to a significant level. Comparison was made between the students taught by Gagne's events and the students taught by traditional method of instruction. The change or significant difference was observed in favor of those students who were treated by Gagne's events of instruction. The study put emphasis on the incorporation of Gagne's events of instruction while planning, designing and teaching phase of lesson plan. The events of instruction need to be employed in the planning and designing phase of teaching learning process. The teachers can improve their pedagogical content knowledge and can design the learning situations and learning environments that are conducive to learning. So the teaching learning process, teacher's teaching skills can be made efficient and effective by incorporating Gagne's events of instruction

Data visualization using rational spline interpolation

AbstractA smooth curve interpolation scheme for positive, monotonic, and convex data has been developed. This scheme uses piecewise rational cubic functions. The two families of parameters, in the description of the rational interpolant, have been constrained to preserve the shape of the data. The rational spline scheme has a unique representation. The degree of smoothness attained is C1

The impact of cash holding, and exchange rate volatility on the firm’s financial performance of all manufacturing sector in Pakistan

Exchange rate movement is a mostly debatable issue amongst economists and strategic financial planners in the economies as a vital phenomenon, of every economy in the developing the world. This study sets out to examine the impact of cash conversion cycle, Size, Age, and exchange rate movement on firms’ financial decisions. The estimation used techniques of static panel data analysis in this study; pooled OLS, random effects, and fixed effects. Interaction techniques are applied to check the impact of the exchange rate by multiplying this variable with the main variables of cash conversion cycle, that is receivable in days and payables in days. The results depict there is a significant negative relationship between return on assets and exchanger rate during the period of review while the beta of cash conversion cycle has negative value; age and size are positive and significant at 1% level with return on assets. Therefore, it is recommended that organizations that have some measure to agreement in foreign currencies can adopt some advanced hedging technique to occupy the exchange rate movements risk to improve firm’s performance

ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (EMG) SIGNAL ACQUISITION AND CLASSIFICATION

Electromyography (EMG) is obtained by measuring the electrical signal associated with the activation of the muscle. EMG can be used for a lot of studies (e.g., clinical, biomedical, basic physiological and biomechanical studies); consequently, in this project the EMG is used as a diagnostic tool for the rehabilitation purpose. The methodology and instrumentation of Electromyography are presented and the main objectives of this project are to acquire signals and perform classification. In this research, Many signals need to be acquired from EMG system or any Data base source which are experimented on subjects having different age and gender, in order to carry out detailed analysis for the purpose of performing classification therefore, the signals are analyzed using MA TLAB and thereatler, feature recognition method is applied by implementing fuzzy logic technique to classify the signals in terms of age groups. The final form of the project consists of a successful finding of signal acquisition to perform classification of EMG signals in tenns of age groups using Fuzzy logic

Review: Anaerobic Biotechnology for Industrial Wastewater Treatment

There has been the microbiological formation of methane since ages in many diverse habitats such as paddies, marshes, hot springs, benthic deposits, deep ocean trenches, pigs, trees, cattle, termites, iguanas and human beings. Anaerobic digestion has been proved as the most appropriate technique for the treatment of high strength organic effluents. This technique is more reliable and advanced as compared to the conventional water treatment procedures. It uses very less amount of chemicals and treats the wastes in a facile and effective manner and has been considered as an attractive option for effluents treatment. The anaerobic technology causes the decrease of high level of waste materials and different reactors were developed for this particular purpose. It generates best level of fuels used as biogas. The biogas produced in anaerobic digestion burns cleanly and the biogas plants make more energy than they consume to operate, whereas the energy produced by aerobic digestion is very much lower than that produced by anaerobic digestion

The Effectiveness of Teaching Physics through Project Method on Academic Achievement of Students at Secondary Level -A Case Study

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of teaching Physics through project method on academic achievement of secondary schools students in the subject of Physics. In this study, an achievement test (pre-test/post-test) covering eight chapters were used as measuring instrument. Depending upon pre academic achievement test scores, eighty (80) science students of 10th class were divided into two equal groups named as experimental group and control group. The experimental group was taught through project method and the control group was taught by traditional lecture method. Both the groups were taught for a period of six weeks (40 minutes period per day). The Post test was administered at end of treatments. The marks obtain in Pretest and Posttest of both groups served as data of this study.The analysis of data revealed that on whole, experimental group showed better performance than controlled group. Furthermore the experimental group performed significantly better than control group in learning domain (knowledge, comprehension, and application and skill developments). The results this study indicated that teaching Physics through Project method was more effective as compared to traditional lecture method at secondary level. Keywords: Physics teaching, Project method, traditional teaching lecture method and academic achievement

Prevalence Of Peptic Ulcer In Patients Of Liver Cirrhosis Presenting With Upper Gi Bleed

BACKGROUND:  Although major cause of upper GI bleed in patients of liver cirrhosis is variceal bleed. However a significant proportion also presents with non-variceal bleeding (NVB). AIM: The aim of study is to determine the frequency of peptic ulcers in patients of liver cirrhosis presenting with upper GI bleed. METHODS: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Gastroenterology section of medicine department at Benazir Bhutto Hospital from April 2017 to December 2018 . 672 patients of liver cirrhosis presenting with upper GI bleed were enrolled in study through non probability consecutive sampling. Upper GI endoscopy of all patients was performed by consultant Gastroenterologist and findings were documented on standardized Performa. RESULTS: 672 patients were included in study with mean age of 54.68 ±11.15. Among these 370 (55.1%) were males and 302 (44.9%) were females. 92 patients (13.1%) had peptic ulcer as cause of upper GI bleed. 112 patients (16.6%) had both peptic ulcer and variceal bleed as cause of Upper GI Bleed and endoscopic findings of remaining 468 patients (69.6 %) showed varices (oesophageal + gastric) as prime source of bleeding. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, peptic ulcer accounted for 13.1 % of all cases of UGI bleeding. Keywords: Peptic Ulcer, Variceal bleeding, Upper GI bleed, Cirrhosis